Carbureter.



H. W. UNCKLES.

CARBURETER. APPLICATeoN FILED JUNE 16, 1914.

Patented June 15, 1915.

'2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

H. W. UNCKLESr CARBURETER.

APPUCATION F|1En1u1116,1914.

Pate

. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

-MA Troie/VHS nted June 15, 1915.

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" @FFIEO HENRY W. UNCKLES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CARBURETER.

specieatio of Letters Patent.

Patented June 15, 1915..

Application filed June 16, 1214. Serial No. 845,348.

T0 all whom it 'may concern Be it known that I,'IIENRY IV. UNoxLns, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, in the county and State of 'New York, have invented'fcertain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates t carbureters, and more particularly to carbureters for internal combustion engines.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a carbureter which will produce thorough vaporization of the hydrocarbon and thorough mixture yof the same with the air.

Another object of the invention is to pro- 4vide a carbureter of great elasticity of operation; thatis, one by means of which the engine will work smoothly over a wide range of speeds.

I carry out these objects in the preferred embodiment of my invention as herein illus# trated, by providing a tubular member of relatively small( cross-sectional area below the mixing chamber so as to form a lower extension of the main fuel passageway, and

at the lower end of this tubular -member I,

providel a nozzle member having nozzle openings y therethrough communicating respectively with the hydrocarbon vand air so as to cause jets of hydrocarbon and air to be impinged one against the other at the lower end of the tubular member where the velocity of the gases is highest. This causes thorough vaporization and mixture of the gas and air as they are dischargedinto and pass through this member. I also provide a shunt path for the vair to this tubular member around the nozzle member so, as to regulate the'amount of air passing through the nozzle member, and I also provide one or more branch passages communicating with-the mixing chamber above the tubular mem er, for supplying auxiliary air to the mixing chamber. In the preferred embodiment of the invention I control the auxiliary air through these passages by means of spring-controlled valves one of which `is operated responsive to less suction than the other. In order to increase thevaporization of the gases, I also provide a heating Acoil around the tubular member below the mixing chamber.

y invention will be more readily understood and further objects of the invention will more fully appear from th yfollowing description taken in connection with the accompanylng drawings illustrating the preferred-embodiment of the invention, and in. which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the carbureter; Fig. 2is a longitudinal sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Flg. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;'and Fig. 4 shows a diagram oflelectric circuits controlling the heating co1 I `Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1, the shell of the carbureter comprises an upper portion 4 and a lower portion 5- secured to an intermediate portion 6. The upper portion 4 is provided with a mixing chamber 7 forming a part of the main passageway for the fuel mixture to the engine. This mixing chamber is surrounded by a heating chamber 8 adapted to be heated preferably by the exhaust gases from the engine, which is supplied through openings 9, 10 (Fig. 2), 'and within the passageway is mounted a throttle valve 11. The intermediate part of the shell 6 is provided with an inner supporting frame in the form Aof a cylindrical extension 12 arranged below and inalinement with the mixing chamber, within which is detachably mounted a sleeve 13 adjustably secured to the cylindrical extension 12 by means of a set screw 14, the sleeve and the cylindrical extension 12 forming between them an annular chamber 15 for the purpose hereinafter referred to. Within the sleeve is threaded a tubular member 16 by means of ythreads 17. This tubular-member has a bore 18 of relatively small cross-sectional area which flares upwardly from the point 19, and below the point 19 the tubular member is provided with a downwardly and outwardly Haring shoulder 20. This bore may be regarded as a lower extension of the main passageway, andI is made of reduced cross-sectional area to insure high velocity of the air at this point. The sleeve 13 and the tubular member 16 form between them an annular heating chamber 21 which is provided withanA electric heating coil 22 submerged in a suitable liquid such as oil,

which serves to distribute the heat from the coil around the tubular member. One end of' the coil is connected in a suitable'circuit, as hereinafter mentioned, by means of a wire 23. while the other end of the coil is preferably grounded to the carbureter. The annular chamber above mentioned serves to check conduction of the heat to the frame 12.

' .Below the tubular member I provide a nozzle member 24 which,VY in the preferred embodiment'of the invention, contains hydrocarbon and air discharge openings. In

#the embodientof the invention shown, this nozzle member is provided with a cupped portion 25 at its upper end, and into this cupped portion the hydrocarbon and air are discharged in the form of jets by means of nozzle or discharge openings 26-26, 27-27.

` In the form of the invention shown, the

' nozzle openings 26-26 communicate with a hydrocarbon tank 28 through restricted branch passageways 2.9-29 and passageways 30, 31 Y(Fi 2), while the air discharge openings 27-2 communicate with lower passageway 32 through restricted passageways 33-33 extending through the nozzle member, the passageway 32 having an air intake opening 34. In the present embodimon point slightly in elevation of a plane' cutting the center ofthe discharge openings. The nozzlecontaining member 24 is .made somewhat cone-shaped so that its outer tapering surface 35 will form with the surroundlng tapering surface 20 of the tubular member, an annular air passage 36 in shunt to the 'air discharge openings 27-27, 'through which passage the balance of the primary air which is not discharged through the nozzle openin sj, may ow. The purpose of this is to obtam a suitable amount -or' primary air while permitting of the use of relativelyL restricted air dischargeA openings in the nozzle member. It is desirable'to adjust the size or' capacity of this shunt opening to regulate the amount of air passin through the dischargeopenings 27-'-27 wit out lim? iting the total amount of'primary air supplied, and this I do by providin means for relative adjustment between t e tubular member 16 and t e nozzle-containing member. I accomplis this by making the sleeve 13 carrying thetubula'r member 16 adjustable within its cylindrical support 12, as

'above described.

The nozzle-containing member 24 is threaded in the upper end of a tubular connection piece 38provided with a flange 39 which rests upon a supporting cross piece 40 bored out to receive the connection piece 38, and the connection piece is held irmiy in lplace in this support by means of a nut 41.

On the lower end'of `the connection piece-38 there is threaded a needle val've supporting member 42 having a packing-box or chamber 43 at its upper end containing packing around the needle 44 'which is threaded at 45 within the needle-supporting member 42. This needle support is threaded in the lower wall ,of the carbureter at 46 and is held locked in place by means of a nut 47. The

needle 44 extends through its supporting: member through the packing-box and the member 38 into the passageway 30,`and is provided at its upper end with the usual tapering portion 48 for controlling the flow of the hydrocarbon from passageway 30 to the restricted passageways or openings 29 through the nozzle member.

In the present embodiment of my invention I provide auxiliary air valveslocated in branch passageways'50, 50 which communisoA cate with the mixing chamber just above the tubular member 16', into which the air and gas nozzles discharge. These branch-passages 50, 50 have their lower side walls formed in vthe intermediate portion. of the carbureter '6, while the upper wall of the 'passageway is formed by the lower surface 51 of the upper section ofl the carbureter. The lower walls of the branch passa es are provided with auxiliary air ports aving valve seats 53, 53 against which 'disk valves 54, 54 are adapted to be seated by means of springs 55, 55. disks are mounted res ectively on stems 56, 56 of usual constructlon. The springs 55, 55 press at their upper ends against sleeves 57, 57 which are threaded wlthin tubular extensions .58, 58 and are provided with heads 59, 59 whereby the pressure of the These. auxiliary airvalve springs may vbe adjusted. One of the valves 54 is provided with a much lighter -spring than the other valve, for the purpose of having' this auxiliary air valve operate responsive to less suction than the other, and

the stem 56 of this valve isprovided with means, such as la nut 60 threaded onto the stem, for limitingl the upward movement of the valve. By t is arrangement the valve 54 will be opened at comparativelyl low speeds and4 held open at higher speeds,

while the other auxiliary air valve 54I will only be opened at the higher speeds.' The heating coil 22, the switch 75 is manually auxiliary valve ports communicate with branch passageways 61, 61' leading from the 'lower passageway 32, and the air intake mixture by means of exhaust gases afterl the engine is running, it is not necessary to continue the electric heating coil in circuit after the engine has warmed up; and I have provided means for automatically disconnecting the heating coil at this time. The means for'doing this is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4, where it will be seen that I have provided a mercury thermometer 65 sealed within a tube 66 which is threaded in the wall ofthe, heating chamber. This `thermometer is provided with contacts 67, .67 located at a suitable distance along the bore of the thermometer and connected with wires 68, 69 fer controlling the circuit of the heating-coil as follows: The wire 23 leads. from 4'one end of the heating coil 22 to one pole of battery 70, the other pole of which is connected through wirel 71 to switch contact 72, while the grounded end of the coil 22 is connected through wire 73 to switch contact 74. These contacts are adapted to be closed by a switch 75 which is connected to the core 76 of solenoid 77, and this solenoid is arranged with con! tacts 67 67 in a branch circuit around the coil 22 by means of wires 69, 68 and 78. When it is desired to close the circuit to the closed and the heating coil remains in cir-y cuit until the temperature of the heating chamber 8 with which the thermometer is connected, rises to a suiiicient point Ito cause l expansion of the mercury to close contacts 67, 67', whereupon the branch circuit through the solenoid 77 is closed and the solenoid, by drawing down on its4 core, opens the switch 75 to break the circuit to the heating coil 22, as well as that through thesolenoid.

While I have described my invention with particularity ,in connection with the preerred embodiment` of the same as herein shown, it will be obvious to those skilled in the'art after understanding my invention, that various changes and modifications may be made, and I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the embodiment ofthe invention h 'erein illustrated; and I aim in 'the appended claims to cover all changes andmodifications' withiny the scope ofV my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a carbureter, the combination of a passagewayfor fuel mixture, a plurality of restricted passageways communicating with said first passageway and having openingsadapted to discharge jetsl of air into said first passageway one against the other, 'a hydrocarbon supply pipe, and a plurality of nozzles communicating with said pipe and in close proximity to the air discharge openings adapted to discharge jets of hydrocarbon against the air jets, whereby the jets of hydrocarbon and air are caused to impinge upon and intermingle with each other.

2. In a .carbureter, the combination of a passageway for fuel mixture having a lower extension of reduced cross-sectional area, a restricted passageway having' a discharge opening within said extension for discharging a. jet of air into the same, a shunt passageway also communicating with said extension above 'the discharge opening of the restricted passageway for conveying air to the extension, a source of hydrocarbon supply, and a nozzle communicating .withy the same and located in close proximity to the restricted air opening and adapted to discharge a jet of hydrocarbon against the air jet.

3. In a carbureter, the combination of a passageway for fuel mixture, a restricted passageway communicating with the same for discharging a jet of air therein, a shunt passageway also communicating with said first passageway above the opening of .the restricted passageway for conveying air around the same to the first passageway, a source of hydrocarbon supply, a nozzle communicating with the same and located in close proximity to the restricted air opening and adapted to discharge 'a jet of hydrocarbon against the air jet, and means for adjusting the size of the shuntpassageway toregulate the amount of air to -be shunted" around the air .jet opening.

' 4. In a carbureter, the combination of a main'passageway for fuel mixture having a lower extension of reduced cross-sectional area, la plurality of restricted passageways sion and arranged in close proximity one to the other for discharging jets of air one against the other into the extension, a pashaving discharge openings into said exten- 4 imity to the discharge openings of the rev stricted passageway/s so as to discharge one restricted air passageway and having a discharge opening above that of the restricted passageway for supplying air to the extension, an air passageway below said restricted and shunt passageways communicating therewith and provided with an air intake opening, andan auxiliary air port communicating with the main passageway above the nozzle.

6. In a lcarbureter, the combination of a main passageway having a lower extension of reduced'cross-sectional area, sald extension being provided wlth' a plurality of re-4 stricted passageways having air discharge openings arranged in close proximity one to the other for discharging jets of air into the extension, a passageway communicating with the lower ends of said restricted passageways and having an air intake opening, andA an auxiliary air port communicating with 4the main passageway above said air discharge openings, a 'spring-controlled valve controlling `said port, a source of hydro-- carbon supply, a nozzle communicating.

therewith and arranged in close proximity v to said air discharge openings to discharge a jet of hydrocarbon against the air jets, and a shunt passageway communicatingiwith the air intake opening and havingva discharge opening above the hydrocarbon nozzle and air jet openings for conveying air around the same.

7. In a. carbureter, the combination of a passageway for fuel mixture, and a member located within the passageway and having a plurality of nozzle openings therein for discharging jets of hydrocarbon one against the Yother within the passageway, and also having a plurality of other nozzle openings therethrough for discharging air jets against the hydrocarbon jets.` e

8. In a carbureter, the combination of a passageway for fuel mixture, and 'a detachable member located within the passageway and having two nozzle openings therein lying substantially in the same plane for discharging jets of hydrocarbon one against the other, said member also having -two air nozzle openings therethrough for discharging air jets against the hydrocarbon jets, said l the hydrocarbon nozzles.

9. In a carbureter, the combination of a passageway for fuel mixture, a member-'located within the passageway and having a rplurality of nozzle openingstherein -for discharging jets of hydrocarbon oneagainst the other within the passageway, and also having a plurality of otherl nozzle openings therethrough for discharging air jets against the hydrocarbon jets,l said nozzle-containing member being operatively related to the walls of the passageway so as to provide a shunt passage `for air around said member, and means whereby relative adjustment may be had between said member and an ad-` jacent portion of the passageway to adjust the size of theshunt passage.

10. In a carbureter, the combination vof a passageway for fuel mixture having an air` intake opening at its lower end, a detachable member located within the passageway'and having a nozzle opening therein for discharging a jet of hydrocarbon within the passageway, and also having another nozzle opening therethrough communicating with the passageway below said member for discharging an air .jet against the hydrocarbon jet, said nozzle-containing member being operatively relatedto the walls of -the passageway so as to provide a. shunt passage forA .air around said member, and means whereby 'relative adjustment may be had between said member and an adjacent portion of the passageway to adjust the size of the shunt passage. j

11. In a carbureter, the combination of a passageway for fuel mixture, a member located within the passageway and having a 4plurality of nozzle openings therein for discharging jets of hydrocarbon one against the other With-in the passageway, and also having a plurality of other nozzle openings therethrough for discharging air jets against the hydrocarbon jets, said passageway having a portion of reduced cross-sectional area provided with a shoulder Vadjacent the nozzle-containing member forming with said member a' shunt passage for air around said member, and means whereby relative adjustment may be had between the nozzle vmember and said shoulder to adjust the size of the shunt passage.

12. In a carbureter, the combination of a passageway for fuel mixture, a tubular member within the passagewayhaving a downwardly and outwardly flaring annular shoulder, a nozzle member located within the passageway below the shoulder and having an upwardly tapering outer surface forming with the tapering shoulder of the first member a shunt air passage, said nozzley memcharging air jets against the. hydrocarbon jets, and means for relative adjustment between the tubular member and nozzle member to vary the size of the discharge opening of the shunt passage between the two.

13. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber forming a portion of the main passageway for fuel mixture, a tubular member located within the passageway below the mixing chamber and having a bore of less cross-sectional area than themixing chamber, forming an extension of the passageway below the chamber', and a nozzle member located at the lower end of the bore and having air and gas nozzle openings therethrough for discharging air and gas jets one against the other at the lower end of the bore, the lower end of said tubular member surrounding the nozzle member and forming therewith an air passage around the nozzle opnin s for discharging air into theloiver end of t e bore.

14. In a carbureter, the combination of ay mixing chamber forming a part of the main passageway for fuel mixture, an extension of the passageway belowthe same of 'reduced cross-sectional area, a nozzle for discharging hydrocarbon within said extension, a passageway below the same having an air intake opening, a plurality of branch passageways communicating with the mixing chamber and havingauxiliary air ports, and. spring-controlled valves governing the same, one of said valves being operated` by less suction than the other so as to respond at. lower speeds while the other valve is operated only at higher speeds.

15. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber forming a part of the main passageway for fuel mixture, a tubular mem- ,ber secured within the passageway below the l mixing chamber and having a bore of relaA tively small cross-sectional area, a nozzle Y member located at the lower end of the bore member secured to said frame and having a bore of relatively small cross-sectional area in alinement with the mixing chamber, a nozzle member located at the lower end of the tubular member and surrounded by the lower end of the same and having a plurality of hydrocarbon and air nozzle openingsv therethrough for discharging jets of hydrocarbon and air one against the other at the lower end of said bore, branch passageways communicating with the mixing chamber and each having an auxiliary air port, a spring-controlled valve for each port one of which is operated responsive to less suction than the other, and a lower passageway communicating with the auxiliary air ports and the bore of the tubular member and having an air intake opening.

17. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber forming a portion of the main passageway for iuel mixture, a ldetachable tubular member below the' same having a bore of relatively small cross-sectional area, means for delivering. air to said bore, a nozzlefor discharging hydrocarbon within the bore, a sleeve detachably'secured to said tubular member and detachably supported within the'carbureter and forming with the wall of the tubular member a chamber surrounding the bore and adapted to receive'liquid, and an electric coil within said chamber for heating the liquid, whereby the wall of the bore may be more eiciently heated.j .j

18. Inl a carbureter, the combination with a mixing chamber, of a sleeve detachably secured within the carbureter below the mixing chamber, a tubular member detachably itting within the sleeve and having a portion flaring upwardly and inwardly from the sleeve and then outwardly so as to form with the sleeve an annular heating chamber adapted to be filled with liquid, an electric heating coil within said chamber for heating the liquid, said tubular member forming a lower extension of the main passageway below the mixing chamber, means for discharging hydrocarbon within the tubular member, and means for conveying air to the tubular member.

19. In a carbureter, the combination of a passageway for fuelv mixture, a heating chamber in the upper part ofthe carbureter surrounding an adjacent portionof said passageway and adapted to receive heated fluid for heating the same, said passageway having an air intake opening, a nozzle for discharging hydrocarbon into the passageway and an electric heating coil within the carbureter and operatively related to the passageway below thel said Huid-heated chamber for heating the fuel Huid before it reaches said fluid-heated chamber, a circuit for said heating coil, a contact controlling said circuit, and means operatively related to said contact and to the Huid-heated chamber In testimony whereof, I have signed my and operated responsive to a, predetermined name to this specification, in the presence of:

temperature in said chamber for controlling two subscribing witnesses.

the contact'to open the circuit to the heating HENRY W. UNCKLES. 5 coil, whereby the heating coil may be auto- Witnesses:

matically cut out of circuit after the engine S. MQRWIMER WARD, J r.,

has warmed up. EDWIN SEGER. 

